They use a spl meter. There are a bunch of different kinds, but the most common used at a competition are either a AudioControl or a Term Lab. You can buy them but a little pricey there are cheaper ones but not as good.
The Term lab is. Its a box that plugs into the usb on the computer then has a mic that plugs into the box. The Audio Control is a larger box that is portable or stationary that is all in one
Most say that the Term-Lab is more accurate. From personal experience the audio control is easier to get a higher score, but the audio control is adjustable. The term lab is harder to score on but most sound organizations have switched to it.
the TL uses a pressure sensor, it is only senstive to pressure. The AC uses a mic, it is senstive to pressure AND velocity so it wuill often have a different (higher) reading than the TL.