I basically like the idea of starting out with a single 12" sub, a quality box, a quality amplifier, a quality head unit, and above all a QUALITY install.
Price range? You could find a "system" for uner $150. You could also spend thousands on the same system. There is a limitless boundry of money you can spend.
Bascially, for those five items I mentioned before you're looking at $700-$1500. The biggest factor in prices are Brand and Dealer.
When I first started out, I just need people to give me brand names so I could go research them. So, I'll throw some at you.
For head units: Pioneer, Alpine, Eclipse
For Subs: JL Audio, Eclipse, Kicker, Rockford Fosgate
For Amps: Lots of names could fit here.
Those names right there will get you started in your car audio quest. Of course there are many others. Many higher "quality" and many lower. That's just a basic midrange sampling.
Know it's kind of rambling. If you have anymore specific questions, bring em.
Hope it helps.